Which group expanded their territory to include the area near Gao, establishing it as their capital?

The Songhai Empire expanded its territory and established Gao as its capital during its rise to prominence in West Africa. Gao was strategically located along the Niger River, making it a vital center for trade and commerce, particularly in gold and salt, which were valuable resources in the region. The expansion under the Songhai Empire occurred in the 15th century, particularly under the leadership of rulers like Sunni Ali and Askia Muhammad, who consolidated power and expanded the empire's influence.

This expansion was significant as it allowed the Songhai Empire to control trade routes and enhance its wealth and political power. By establishing Gao as a capital, they not only cemented their authority but also promoted cultural and Islamic education, reflecting the empire's influence in the region during that historical period.

Other groups, such as Ghana, Mali, and Kush, had their respective areas and capitals but did not have the same relationship with Gao as the Songhai did in this context. The Ghana Empire was situated farther west and had already declined when the Songhai rose. The Mali Empire preceded Songhai and had significant influence over Gao, but it was the Songhai that firmly established it as the capital during their expansion. Kush, located in present-day Sudan, was historically significant but unrelated to the