Which of the following elements does NOT focus on a student’s reading skills?

The correct answer is related to the fact that mathematical skills do not pertain to reading abilities. The other options—phonological awareness, text comprehension, and fluency—are all critical components of reading development.

Phonological awareness involves recognizing and manipulating the sounds in spoken language, which is foundational for decoding words while reading. Text comprehension reflects a student's ability to understand and make meaning from the text, which is the ultimate goal of reading. Fluency refers to the ability to read with speed and accuracy, which also directly contributes to a student's ability to engage with and understand written material.

In contrast, mathematical skills focus on numerical understanding, problem-solving, and reasoning in mathematics, making them unrelated to the specific competencies needed for reading. This is why mathematical skills are identified as the correct choice that does not align with reading skills.